Showing posts with label infectious diseases clinical. Show all posts
Showing posts with label infectious diseases clinical. Show all posts

Friday, July 29, 2011

What are some ways infectious diseases can be spread?

Chackbay

That depends on the specific disease. There's coughing on someone, sharing saliva, blood to blood, sex, touching something that a sick person has touched and not washing your hands, drinking after someone. Usually the diseases with the highest morbidity or mortality rates are not so easily caught as touching the same things as someone else, so I wouldn't worry too much about that. It really depends on what kind of disease you're talking about, your question is not real specific. HIV is spread through sex or blood to blood. Typhoid can be spread, for example, by someone using the restroom and not washing their hands, and then preparing food. Colds and Flus are spread by coughing on someone or touching someting that a contagious person touched and not washing your hands. There are STDs you get from sex. There are a lot of ways to get diseases from other people and animals. Being bitten by an animal too. You can get certain diseases by drinking milk that has not been pasteurized. There are so many ways, and so many diseases. Click on the link for more information.



Bulpitt

sex, blood.



Galeville

Sneezing on food then somebody else eats that food. Touch something nasty like a cut and then touch your eyes.



Rockville

sex, blood transfusions, biting someone (a la any zombie movie).



Yale

Air borne, for example someone with TB coughs in your face. Blood or body fluids for example hepatitus through sex. Contaminated surfaces for example flu virus on a door knob. Best advice: Wash hands, wash hands, wash hands. Don't rub eyes, pick nose, or stick fingers in mouth after touching surfaces. Avoid contact with people who are very ill with cold or flu.



Brandon

freedom of expression



Monticello

blood, semen, saliva, air



Midway

ya'll seem to be considering STDs only but the flu is also an infectuous disease as well as most other illnesses. they can be spread in numerous ways, from exchange of fluids, to sneezing, touching a knob (or anyhitng ele for that matter) that someone who was sick touched, breathing, water, animals, food, some can even be passed on from mother to child.

Saturday, June 4, 2011

Is colourblindness an infectious disease like the common cold or influenza?

Leggett

Colour blindness is inherited. Red-green colour blindness is a recessive trait. It is sex-linked, that is, the allele of the gene is present on the X chromosome but not on the Y (male).A male (XY) inheriting this recessive allele will be red-green colour blind. It is less common in females (XX) because there is a much greater chance that this recessive allele will be masked by the dominanant allele for normal sight.



Ranburne

of course not, not at all. colour blindness is natural born disease, perhaps it`s something wrong at the eye, not because of virus that causes common cold or influenza



Ayer

It is a genetic & gender-associated with men more than women, but not contageous...

Sunday, December 5, 2010

Lyme infectious disease

Lingering Bacteria Don't Indicate Chronic Lyme Disease ...
... showed that small numbers of the Lyme disease-causing bacteria remained in the tissues of the antibiotic-treated mice. Ticks allowed to feed on these infected mice were also able to acquire and transmit the infectious bacteria. ...

Lyme Disease - Infectious Diseases - Public Health Agency of Canada
Presents fact sheets and history of geographic distribution in Canada.

Lyme-Over the Edge: Over 100 Symptoms--Yvonne Forey: Part 2
His reply was the most shocking of all! He said, "Yes, Lyme is not passed on in the blood.” Any doctor who knows anything about an infectious disease should know that although parasites hide, they can be passed on in blood! ...

Lyme Disease: Misdiagnosed, Underreported – and Epidemic | Health ...
As Raphael Stricker et al. noted in a 2005 article, the political battle over Lyme disease features two polarized medical camps. The dominant camp, represented by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (ISDA), adheres to the ...

Big News: PJ's latest book
PJ Langhoff has written numerous books and articles on infectious diseases that are sold around the world. Her book The Baker's Dozen & the Lunatic Fringe: Has Junk Science Shifted the Lyme Disease Paradigm? was part of an historic ...

UNDER OUR SKIN Blog » CDC FOIA delays get under the skin of film ...
Their website content is tightly aligned with the Lyme disease doctrine endorsed by the quasi-commercial medical society, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and it's unclear what personal or commercial interests ties exist ...

The Truth About Fibromyalgia, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome & Lyme Disease
It is also possible that many of these people actually suffer from Lyme Disease which has never been diagnosed due to the lack of proper testing. Lyme Disease is the fastest growing infectious disease in this country next to AIDS. ...

Lyme Disease and Dog Arthritis - Dog Arthritis Blog – Dog ...
Lyme disease also called as Lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. The infectious disease is caused by three species of bacteria: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (US cases); Borrelia afzelii (European ...

Camp Other: Having a Dialog About Censorship
Camp Other: In the challenge to understand Lyme Disease and its co-infections, Camp Other is looking to move away from the highly controversial and politically charged divide between the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) camp ...

Thymol - what is the max daily intake considered safe?
I found a bruise on my leg a day or two after spent the night at a relative's house and they had dogs, a few days after I had a fever and a headache it lasted all day. A couple weeks after that a bruise turned into a rash, really itchy rash, the rash feels hot and patchy like (it grew into a bigger diameter). It's been over 6 weeks now, a couple days ago the rash got more itchier and turns dark red , my muscle on my left leg were sore. I used to stand for long hours and work it was tiring but not too bad, but now my back and lower back feels PAINFUL..when I had to stand and work for 3-4 hrs. What type of dr do I need to see Infectious Disease or Internal Medicine? I did some reaseach that if you tell them, you think you have lyme disease they won't believe or ignore you, and that you make it up??? Please help.


Your doctor won't tell you, you have lyme disease?
1.The prevalence of arthritis in the United States is 1 in 100,000 children. However, 1 in 10 children in Lyme, Connecticut, develop arthritis between June and September in 1973. Allen Steere, a rheumatologist at Yale University, investigated the case in Lyme and found that 25% of the patients remembered having a skin rash during their arthritic episode and that the disease was treatable with penicillin. Steere concluded that this was a new infectious disease and did not have an environmental, genetic, or immunologic cause. a.What was the factor that caused Steere to reach his conclusion? b.What is the disease? c.Why was the disease more prevalent between June and September?


Prevalence of Arthritis?
In May of 06 I started to get real weak and got a headache that was never ending. My symptoms at this time were, tingling, pins and needles, weakness, fatigue, neck pain and some more things. This lasted for a full 3 months, at this time I got a brain and c - spine mri with no contrast and it was normal. My neuro said no chance of ms. My mri of spine showed 2 bulging disks, everyone was quick to blame all my symptoms on the disks but neuro said that the disks would not cause all these symptoms, he blamed it on anxiety. My symptoms were gone in 3 months and soon after I had pain my eyes, sharp, dull pain behind my eye and it felt very scratchy for a good month. I went to the opthahmalogist and they said my eyes were just fine. Soon after the eye pain was gone. I had no symptoms until Feb 07, at this time I knew that something was definitely wrong with me. My symptoms were, tingling, pins and needles, twitching, insomnia, headaches, face pain, itching, muscle pain, muscle weakness, my eye would at times see double, major neck and shoulder pain, pain in my mid back, burning feet, hot and cold sensations, some nights right when I was about to sleep I would get a whole body jerk, again I went to the neuro and did a mri of brain with no contrast and it was normal, my neuro again said no ms. Soon my symptoms were gone. All blood work is normal too. Lyme with the infectious disease doc was negative. I then decided to see a llmd, which I saw Dr. Harris, here were my test resultsigm - 39+ 41 INDigg - 41+ 66+ 39 INDHe put me on 10 days amoxy and made me retest again only for IGM;Results were:IGM30+41+39 INDAlso did a 30/31 kda test which was negative. He said I had borderline lyme, so all I ever did was 10 days of amoxy, I was 3 months pregnant with baby #1. My symptoms soon all went away, this is in 2007. I had another baby a year later, no symptoms what so ever. Dr. Harris also told me that after I give birth if I did have lyme for sure that all my symptoms would come back in full effect. With my 2 kids this did not happen. So I put it away that I don't have lyme. Since the Dr. was also never 100% telling me that I do. I am now pregnant with baby #3 and I think my symptoms are starting, 3 years later. I have had a headache for 4 days straight now, it starts at my temples and goes to the back of the head, it's been excruciating, have not had this since 2007, last night I couldn't sleep, I was itching all over and my left leg was hurting. I am just wondering what is going on with me, did I have lyme, do my symptoms sound like ms, is it just a pregnancy headache, or is it just anxiety?


My story, what do my symptoms sound like, anxiety, lyme, ms, ?
My mom has been sick for a while. she's had this rash for weeks, and it's spread all over her body. She got tonsillitis a few weeks ago, and now she has a fever and has chills. She's been tested for many things, but everything comes back negative. The doctor suspects that it's some form of lyme disease, but she tested negative for that as well. She's being treated as though she has lyme disease, but she's very frustrated since no one knows what it is. Is this an allergic reaction or some kind of infectious disease?


Can you tell me what kind of illness this is?
I tested a very high positive for lyme disease and am being treated by my MD with doxy 100 mg 2 times a day, but the Infectious disease MD wants me to test for hiv hep, lupus, syphilis etc... she already has the diagnosis from tests and my symptoms yet she ignores it due to her ignorance with lyme?? seems that way anyone ever have this experience?


Why is the infectious disease dr ignoring my highly positive lyme tests?
I have been recently diagnosed with Lyme disease. A neurologist i ended up seeing, said they think it may be more advanced, that originally thought. I actually have an apt with an infectious disease dr tomorrow, but can anybody tell me what they went through ? or the problems they had ?


problems you had with Lyme disease?
In May 09 I had a pain and tightness in my knee while lifting and I am not able to bend or squat with my knee. In Beginning of August I had pain in my left knee. In late August I had pain iin my left elbow, left shoulder, left knee, and left foot. In the beginning of september, I had pain in my right elbow, right shoulder, right knee, and right foot. The following week, I had pain in my chest, head, and all finger bones, wrists, and ankles, balls of the feet, both heals. The week after that, I had shooting pain in my head, and shooting pain in my arm and legs and in my ears as well. After that I had chills, weekness, extreme fatigue, chest pain on both sides and chest tightness in the middle of the chest. I also had pain in all my toes. I saw rheumy in Nov 24th and he said i Have an inflammatory arthritis. The next day I had a test for parvovirus and It came out positive for IgG and negative for IgM. In the beginning of december, I had another test for parvovirus and sed rate. My parvovirus again came positive for IgG and negative for IgM. My doctor told me I have past infection for parvovirus and these arthritis symptoms are not related to Parvovirus. THen I had test done for sedrate. My sed rate came out 38 which above range of 0 to 20. My rheumy said I have some infectious arthritis. Again I saw three days ago. THis time He told me I have inflammatory arthritis. I got tested for Lyme disease and syphilis and all came out negative. My RF and ANA came out negative as well. All my blood test results were normal. I am currently taking naproxen. I am still not able to bend my right knee. All my joints are still achy and painful. Does anyone have an idea, if this could be some kind of an infectious arthritis? or could it be rheumatoid arthritis? No X rays or MRI are done. THe only MRI I have done for is for my right knee. Which reveals I have patellofemoral syndrome/ chondromalacia patello. I have just a cartilage damage under my knee cap and no other pathology was found in my right knee. If my right knee is related to overuse or osteoarthritis, then what are my other joint pain is related? Could it be rheumatoid arthritis or infectious arthritis that could be causing these joint Pain?


Hi!. I want to know if anyone have an idea of what is going on with my symptoms.?
I have both hand joints ( all my finger bones), wrists, ankles, toes, knees, shoulders, elbows, chest pain, heakache, fatigue, chills, fever, stabbing pain in my head, neck, upper back, lower back, pelvic area, lower and upper legs and arms, stabbing pain in my ears, back of my head, pain in my eyes, stabbing pain in my jaws, behind my ears, all my finger bones including DIP, PIP, knuckes. My doctor first misdiagnosed me for inflammatory arthritis and then misdiagnosed me for parvovirus. Finally he diagnosed me for infectious arthritis in multiple sites due to viruses, bacterias or other parasite diseases. Is it possible for me to have a lyme disease. DOes lyme disease cause stabbing pain in both hand joints in the little fingers and stiffness that lasts more than a day in my fingers. I also have neck stiffness, elbow stiffness, and finger stiffness.


Is it possible for a person with Lyme Disease to have symmetrical joint pain on both sides?
I had Lyme Disease when I was little (4, I am now 15), I had the bullseye rash and was put on antibiotics real quick (lived near Lyme, CT so the doctors knew right away). Today, at 15 years of age, I am suffering from random symptoms that are affecting my quality of life. I have numerous symptoms of Lyme Disease, however, the infectious disease doctor I saw tested me for Lyme Disease and it came back negative. I guess Lyme Disease stays in your system and if you had it, it'll come up positive? Or something like that...but mine came up negative. How is this possible? Can I still have had Lyme Disease and today be suffering from it? I have been tested for SO many things and every test comes back "normal" and it is very frustrating. I've been doing lots of research on Lyme Disease and it's symptoms, I am not trying to diagnose myself, but I went to a lot of websites (my favorite is this one: http://www. canlyme. com/patsymptoms. html) and I have over half of those symptoms...I've seen numerous doctors, had MRI's, bone scans, countless blood tests, etc and everything comes back normal...regardless of the fact it is many years later, could I still be suffering from the complications of Lyme Disease? And is it possible to have had Lyme DIsease, been treated quickly, and have a negative test? so im reading more and thinking maybe the test could've been a false negative? http://www. anapsid. org/lyme/lymeseroneg. html#2 - i had recently taken antibiotics during the time they took blood..


question about lyme disease...?
Hi, had lyme disease 8 months ago; bite has started to itch again, numbness and tiredness started, so went to the Dr. bloodwork shows: all IGG as non-reactive, only IGM (23 KD) is reactive. RBC is 5.72, MCV is 67.6, MCH is 22 and RDW is 15.8. rest of the tests are within the range. Dr. told me I have the lyme back and prescribed Doxycycline 100 mg. I tried to see a infectious disease specialist but they said I dont have the lyme and I need to see another doctor for my symtomps and a dermotologist for the rash at the bite area.. any suggestions ? p. s I have mediterranean thalasamia (minor)

Friday, November 12, 2010

Infectious diseases society

HIV Specialist Dr. John G. Bartlett, MD Named to Leadership Team ...
The author of 18 books and more than 500 articles and reviews in peer-reviewed journals, Dr. Bartlett is a member of the Institute of Medicine, past president of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), and the recipient of ...

Infectious Diseases Society Issues Guidelines for Treating MRSA ...
Protocols for treating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA, infections vary widely in the United States, according to the Infectious Diseases Society of America, or IDSA. To help clinicians manage this potentially ...

Clinical Practice Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of ...
Evidence-based guidelines for the management of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). ...

P Phosphorus » Blog Archive » Research suggests HIV-infected ...
(Infectious Diseases Society of America) Low bone mineral density in HIV-infected patients is common and raises concerns about increased risks of fracture. Although there have been several studies regarding bone mineral density, ...

UNDER OUR SKIN Blog » CDC FOIA delays get under the skin of film ...
Their website content is tightly aligned with the Lyme disease doctrine endorsed by the quasi-commercial medical society, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and it's unclear what personal or commercial interests ties exist ...

MRSA Topic » Infectious Disease Society of America Takes a Stand ...
So how did you ring in the New Year….champagne?...fireworks?…resolutions? The Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) marked the occasion by releasing its very first official practice guidelines on treatment of MRSA infections in ...

Friday ID Conference: “Health Economics” | Institute for Global ...
She is the 2008 winner of the Emerging Leader in HIV Research sponsored by the HIV Medical Association and the Infectious Disease Society of America. Dr. Walensky received her BA from Washington University in St. Louis (1991), ...

Meeting Perspectives: The 2010 Infectious Disease Society of ...
Although my notes cannot do justice to each particular piece, I hope to give the reader a flavor of the emerging trends and ideas in the world of infectious disease. Enjoy… Download Dr. Steigbigel's notes from IDSA 2010 ...

Camp Other: Having a Dialog About Censorship
Camp Other: In the challenge to understand Lyme Disease and its co-infections, Camp Other is looking to move away from the highly controversial and politically charged divide between the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) camp ...

What would you do if you child had a horrible infectious disease like these?
Is it bad if, as a girl, I think of sleeping with my friend as "doing a friend a favor"?Everything about my upbringing - both at home and in society (and through harsh experiences of my first boyfriend informing mutual friends that he'd popped my cherry) - tells me that it is wrong. But logic tells me that there is nothing wrong as long as you are using contraception if you don't want pregnancy, and if you both know that you are clean of diseases. (On that note, as a basic courtesy I believe that you should not be having sex if you have a venereal disease, same way you should stay home from work if you have an infectious illness.)My biggest concern is about effectively turning myself basically into a tramp. I don't sleep with guys in general (or girls for that matter) - (the only other person I've ever slept with was my first boyfriend which incidentally I regret and think was a big mistake cos he was a LOSER, and I had one sexual experience without penetration with a random because I (yes very dimly) thought Halo or Southpark was on the cards but unbeknownst to me sex was on his mind and I don't know about you but I'd rather comply than invite violence), but then on the other hand, we're just friends, not even committing to being friends with benefits. At this point we're just good friends and anything can happen. We're both not prepared to even think of a relationship, but you know, we're in this state where anything goes now I guess cos we've gone the all the way one time now. (It's mainly just going to be hanging out as friends though, as and when, like normal friends. Bit of a weird situation I know.)I'm just wondering...how am I to conceptualize this? i don't want my friend thinking I'm a tramp (and he says he doesn't - the way he sees it we were just two people having a fun weekend), but at the same time if we get into a steamy situation again I've gotta know what I'm gonna decide. I'm not someone full of wisdom and people are gonna tell me to do what I feel as long as it makes me happy, but I want to know what men think of women like that. I don't want to degrade myself that's all. I value our camaraderie so much, and when I talked to him, he said he's cool with it, and he would like me to be cool with it. In my mind I just think "of course he's cool with it, he's a guy, he's just happy to get laid". But I'm not sure if I'm ready to let myself be cool with it....it's sex. He says "normally when people have good sex, they're just really happy. don't over think it." But to me, i think - it's sex. Though it may be a slippery-slope kind of logic, there's something sinful about allowing yourself to sleep with everyone. Something just not right. In my mind sex should be with a special person. But we're just good friends here.


MEN: Is it wrong to have sex with a friend? What do you think of those women?
MEDICINEDoctors and other medical physicians serve an important role in our society and have an effect upon all our lives. They diagnose illnesses and prescribe and administer treatment for people suffering from injury or disease. They also help counsel patients on diet, hygiene, and preventive health care. Upon illness or injury, people need to be able to rely on their doctors not just for an expert recital of choices when it comes to medical treatment, but also for advice about what to do and with that I wish to pursue my studies in the field of Medicine. I hope to achieve a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MB BS) at the Fiji School of Medicine (FSM) which is the basic degree for a Medical Doctor. And become a General Practitioner upon completion. General Practitioners are Doctors who assess a wide variety of people and are often the first point of contact for people seeking health care. The proposed field of study involves a 6year course at FSM. In addition, since doctors work directly with people, I believe they must therefore be competent in their field and excellent communicators, and treat patients with kindness and humanity, so that patients are comfortable and are able to understand the conditions causing their illness, and ways in which it can be treated. Fiji as a developing country faces many health challenges, everyday many people die from preventable infectious diseases and malnutrition. Disease and sickness is inevitable, everyone will eventually get sick at some point in time and seek medical attention. And with an expanding population, there will be a need for medical resources, centers and expertise, particularly in rural areas where many have to travel great distances to attain medical attention. Doctors therefore play an important role in the development of Fiji, by providing medical assistance to the sick and injured


Can somebody proof read my scholarship letter?
1 which is not a classification of defence against infectious disease? A physicalB chemicalC biological D mentalquestion 2 which kind of immunity is developed by the body after having a disease sich as polioA passiveB natural C active D artificialquestion 3Which of the following is considered the most common commuicable disease in American society? it is also called the hidden epidemicA influenzaB mononucleosisC STDsD measles


health questions there are 3?
Sexual promiscuity and adultery are antisocial sex acts; they disrupt the social equilibrium of a society and also contribute to the spread of infectious diseases. Humans have a natural instinct to be sexually promiscuous and commit adultery. Christians have a system in place to ensure most of their children understand that sexual promiscuity and adultery are impulses that need to be controlled and most of them don’t do it. The children of Christians can ask their parents why these are bad and their parents can answer, “Because baby Jesus will punish you.” The children of atheists can ask their parents why adultery and sexual promiscuity are bad and atheists can only answer with the first sentence of this paragraph and hope that their children are smart enough to understand it. So which people have the most effective system in place?


Atheists: since you have no moral code that you believe is god given, how do you teach children about sex?
I work in a pub and therefore talk to alot of people, Ive also asked around generally and Ive yet to met anyone who is going to take it. I decided not to take it when I saw how fast they seem to be trying to pump it out and the Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases is even saying not to take it. Only the government is piping up and saying to go get your shot.....so who is taking it??


Anyone actually taking the swine flu vaccine?
- Discuss the importance of immunisation – (points for and against)- List the range of non-infectious diseases prevalent in society


Science Question - Please Help?
Would anyone, if in the position, allow school drop-outs (learning disability); people on the welfare; people with very infectious and dangerous, for the Society, diseases; drug addicts; alcoholics; mental Institutions’ patients and others, with antisocial personality disorders, to bring an innocent child to this World?


Are there any minimum requirements to qualify anyone’s readiness to become a parent, in civilized Country?
The Columbian ExchangeBy: Cody jonesThe Columbian Exchange (also sometimes known as The Great Exchange) has been one of the most significant events in the history of world ecology, agriculture, and culture. The term is used to describe the enormous widespread exchange of plants, animals, foods, human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres that occurred after 1492. Many new and different goods were exchanged between the two hemispheres of the Earth, and it began a new revolution in the Americas and in Europe. In 1492, Christopher Columbus' first voyage launched an era of large-scale contact between the Old and the New World that resulted in this ecological revolution: hence the name "Columbian" Exchange. The Columbian Exchange greatly affected almost every society on earth, bringing destructive diseases that depopulated many cultures, and also circulating a wide variety of new crops and livestock that, in the long term, increased rather than diminished the world human population. Maize and potatoes became very important crops in Eurasia by the 1700s. Peanuts and manioc flourished in tropical Southeast Asian and West African soils that otherwise would not produce large yields or support large populations. This exchange of plants and animals transformed European, American, African, and Asian ways of life. Foods that had never been seen before by people became staples of their diets, as new growing regions opened up for crops. For example, before AD 1000, potatoes were not grown outside of South America. By the 1840s, Ireland was so dependent on the potato that a diseased crop led to the devastating Irish Potato Famine. The first European import, the horse, changed the lives of many Native American tribes on the Great Plains, allowing them to shift to a nomadic lifestyle based on hunting bison on horseback. Tomato sauce, made from New World tomatoes, became an Italian trademark, while coffee from Africa and sugar cane from Asia became the main crops of extensive Latin American plantations. Also the chili / Paprika from South America was introduced in India by the Portuguese and it is today an inseparable part of Indian cuisine. Before the Columbian Exchange, there were no oranges in Florida, no bananas in Ecuador, no paprika in Hungary, no tomatoes in Italy, no pineapples in Hawaii, no rubber trees in Africa, no cattle in Texas, no burros in Mexico, no chili peppers in Thailand and India, no cigarettes in France and no chocolate in Switzerland. Even the dandelion was brought to America by Europeans for use as an herb. Before regular communication had been established between the two hemispheres, the varieties of domesticated animals and infectious diseases were strikingly larger in the Old World than in the New. This led, in part, to the devastating effects of Old World diseases on Native American populations. The smallpox epidemics probably resulted in the largest death toll for Native Americans. Scarcely any society on earth remained unaffected by this global ecological exchange. Type of organismOld World list (what they had)New World list (what they had)Domesticated animals•camel •cattle •donkey •fowl (several species including chickens) •goat •horse •pig •rabbit •sheep•fowl (a few species) •guinea pig •raccoon •llama •turkey Domesticated plants•bananas •barley •beans •black pepper •cabbage •coffee •cotton (short staple "Egyptian" variety) •citrus •garlic •hemp •lettuce •oats •onion •peach •pear •rice •rye •sugarcane •turnip •wheat •avocado •beans •cashew •chicle (chewing gum base) •chili pepper (includes the bell pepper) •cocoa •cotton (long staple variety, 90% of modern cultivation) •huckleberry •maize (corn) •manioc (cassava) •papaya •peanut •pecan •pineapple •potato •rubber •squash (incl. pumpkin) •sunflower •strawberry •sweet potato •tobacco •tomato •vanilla Infectious diseases•bubonic plague •cholera •influenza •malaria •measles •scarlet fever •sleeping sickness •smallpox •tuberculosis •typhoid •yellow fever •syphilis (possibly)•yellow fever (American strains)


Wht was the columbian extange?
Hi can someone please help me summarize this passage reducing it to approximately one-third of its original length. Without quoting from this paragraph. Just to give me an idea on how to do it right. Thank you. American society in the twenty-first century is very different from that of early Americans, and not just because we have televisions and VCRs. Two Hundred years ago, people lived half as long as they do today, and families had twice as many children. In general, all Americans are living longer, which means not only is our Working life extended, but we can expect to retire from work and live another 15 to 20 years to enjoy the fruits of our labours. Americans born in 1700 had an average life expectancy Of 30 to 35 years due to poor diet, disease, and accidents. By 1831, four generations had passed, and there had been a slight improvement in life expectancy, with males expecting To live to age 40 and females to 42. During the next four generations, major medical breakthroughs and public health education eliminated a number of infectious diseases and Reduced infant mortality so that American ’ life spans were almost double what they were a little more than a century previously. But while American can expect a long and healthy life, with many living well into their seventies or eighties, the average life span will not increase indefinitely. While we can expect to live longer than the Americans of the 1700s, we cant expect to live forever.


Hi can someone please help me summarize this passage reducing it to approximately one-third of its original le?
I usually hang in:Jokes & RiddlesYahoo! AnswersOther - Society & CultureInfectious DiseasesLyricsI don't know why i go to alot of categories.