Role of Disease Early Warning System in disease control and prevention, Afghanistan -2008

Background of DEWS in Afghanistan

Afghanistan is a destitute country with limited infrastructures for soundness service delivery and has one of the master maternal and child health indicators in the creation.

Disease profile in Afghanistan is obviously dominated ~ means of communicable disease. Of 22,571,203 consultations betwixt March 2007 and end June 2008, ARI cases were 6,880,051(30.5%), Diarrheal Disease were 2,595,290(11.5%) ,Urinary pamphlet infections are 1,250,167(5.5%), Malaria cases are 343,647(1.5%) and TB cases are reported to subsist 169,563 cases which is 0.8%.[1]

 The uniform source of data collection in the rude is HMIS that collects data quarterly and reports 04 epochs a year. That is in real existence too late for most of discerning public health emergencies and only be possible to lead MOPH in terms of lingering term policy making and can not contract data/information for day to twenty-four hours management of MOPH, which can terminate immediate corrective measures and prevent deaths.

To contract incidence and prevalence of morbidities and mortalities in the children and women and finally reduce economic loss, MoPH has established Early Warning System in 08 regional provinces of rural.

 

Objectives:

        To reduce morbidity and frequency of death by early detection, investigation, response and control of outbreaks and other public health states and conditions, throughout the country.

 

Methodology:

Disease Early Warning System was established in the nation mid December 2006 in the eight major provinces of the country. The earliest officers recruited and deployed to the field after extensive short term training. The primary eight sites were the provincial hospitals in Badakhshan, Balkh, Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar , Khost and Nangarhar (See chart.)

The DEWS was worked in these provinces in the in the beginning 06 months of 2007 and than extended to other provinces. At the expiration of first six months DEWS had  58 guardsman sites in 08 provinces and while of 10 November 2008, DEWS has 129 guardsman sites all over the country.

 

Result/Achievements

Afghan Public Health Institute has established 129 sentry reporting sites in 34 provinces of the population covering 93 rural districts and 34 cities. In whole 8995 weekly reports were due and 8866 reports accepted on time and on time reporting defame is calculated to be 98.5%.

 

Since 15 December 2006, 3418 specimens in quest of different disease collected and 613 were absolute for different disease. (Rotavirus in not included), positivity charge around 17%.

133 suspected outbreaks investigated in 2007 and 231 outbreaks investigated dress the ground Nov 2008.

DEWS has established the rotavirus watch in three provinces of the population and 522 specimens collected,  294 were unconditional for rotavirus, positivity rate 57%.

Below malady and causative agents detected/confirmed against the first time inside the unrefined, Hepatitis E, C. Diphtheria, Influenza B poison , B. Pertussis, yersina pestis(causative force for plague- Bubonic form).

DEWS bring forth responded to 27 suspected outbreaks of Avian Influenza in human, desert to mention that 12 outbreaks reported in bird population in 2007 and 1in 2008 through Ministry of Agriculture. 85000 people are monitored on this account that Sever Acute Respiratory Infection and none evidence of H5N1 in human detected by virology lab of Central Public Health Lab and NAMRU-3 Lab in Cairo.

 Conclusion

A full functional Disease Early Warning System established in the rude. 364 outbreaks detected and responded. Every 1.8 days united suspected outbreak investigated. Necessary response machinery established at the provincial and regional levels.

DEWS is providing sentient surveillance in a timely manner.  Investigations lead quick action to mitigate outbreaks and preclude morbidity and mortality.  DEWS is furthermore participating in coordination of public freedom from disease inputs in the field, dissemination of general health information, and investigating and confirming webwork outbreaks of emerging diseases.

[1] HMIS Report 2007 and first quarter 2008

Is Your Engine Purring? Lab Work to Check Your Heart and Health

Getting your life-current drawn to run lab work be possible to feel like taking your car into the handicraftsman. Most of us don't discern a lot about it. What is verily going on in there? What infallibly must be inspected? The tests be under the necessity complicated names and do they publish speak of you what is good, bad, or which to do next to stay sound?

Over the last two decades managed care has developed a system of whittling down lab work similar that yearly physicals may include trivial if any, and serious health issues avail undetected until damage is done. The matter of fact is that regular monitoring of lab work and life style changes subsequent to those results, bear a long way in heading not upon the possibility of future disease evolution. So do you want to apprehend if your gears are not shifting unobstructedly or your brake pads are wearing ahead of a crash or no?

Here are pair tests to consider having drawn at least once per year. Do make it habitual doing to keep your own file with copies of your lab works. When your soundness care practitioners have the ability to scan your lab results over spans of time it is above all price..

Homocysteine (abbreviated tHcy or HCY)

Homocysteine is an amino acid which if elevated is associated with:

Higher risk for developing cardiovascular distemper.

Higher risk for developing blood clots.

Increased venture for pregnancy complications, miscarriage & fetal increase problems.

Reduced cognitive functioning in the somewhat advanced in life.

What helps reduce Homocysteine levels?

Supplementing by B Vitamins including: Folic acid, Vitamin B6 (pyridoxines) and Vitamin B12 (cobalamins).

Dietary sources of Vitamin B12 are living being based: fish, mussels, clams, lamb, and beef.

Dietary sources of Vitamin B6 to the degree that well as the other B Vitamins are: kombucha, integral, grains, potatoes, bananas, lentils, chili peppers, tempeh, beans, nutritional and brewer's yeasts, and molasses.

High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (abbreviated hs-CRP)

High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) measures inflammation in the body. For someone contention off an infection, with a significative illness, or recovering from a surgery or trauma, we would reckon upon the hs-CRP to naturally have ~ing elevated. After healing, the hs-CRP is typically nay longer detectable in the bloodstream. However excitement can also be associated with besides silent cardiovascular developments. It is widely accepted that proneness to developing heart attacks and cardiovascular complaint is associated with generalized inflammation in the lineage vessels.

Are you in a higher peril group for inflammation? Here are more important questions:

Do you smoke?

Do you be in actual possession of high blood pressure?

Do you regard high cholesterol?

Are you diabetic?

Are you overweight?

Are you physically inoperative?

If you are answering yes to some of the above, you are in a tyrannical-risk category so having a High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein assessed regularly is a companionable idea. If your hs-CRP is elevated, in that place are sundry lifestyle, dietary and supplemental practices you be possible to employ to reduce inflammation in your combination of parts to form a whole and thereby lower your risk with respect to a future cardiac event.

Sometimes managed care sources are loath or refuse to draw lab markers key to thoroughly monitoring your soundness. However these days many reduced compensation labs exist and provide options as far as concerns consumers to have blood works drawn at greatly reduced rates. Depending with the state in which you live, you have power to also access allied licensed health care practitioners of that kind as Nurse Practitioners and Acupuncturists to kind labs and help you manage and effectively overseer your health.

We all know that our cars cause to ply better and risk less by changing the oil, right? So check your oil, that blade the flowing through your body, to be of advantage sure your engine is in top condition.

Karen Reynolds, RN, Licensed Acupuncturist and Herbalist is in individual practice in Mill Valley, CA. She is co-holder of Balance Restored Center for Integrative Medicine and specializes in women's freedom from disease, fertility and chronic issues including: Lyme, insomnia, allergies, fatigue and arthritis. Using resting on mere custom lab testing and traditional Chinese Medicine, Ms. Reynolds customizes handling plans unique to each individual to second with reducing pain and optimizing soundness.

http://www.karen-reynolds.com
http://www.balancerestored.com

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?dexterous=Karen_A_Reynolds

A Novel Treatment for Malaria

Estimates of noxious exhalation cases that occur annually round the world range between 250 million and 500 a thousand thousand of which over 90 percent are in sub-Saharan Africa. The chiefly vulnerable are young children under five, pregnant women and refugees in remote country areas. This high risk group accounts on the side of majority of deaths estimated annually round 2 million.

Synthetic mainline medications be under the necessity become largely ineffective due to trencher-friend resistance. Presently, Artemisinin Combination Therapies (ACTs) are the earliest line medication for treatment of malaria in majority of the countries. Several pharmaceutical companies desire produced various combinations using artemisinin or a single one one of its derivatives along through other anti-malarial synthetics. However, at offering the only source of the first anti-malarial (artemisinin) in the earth is the herbal plant Artemisia annua L., what one. has been used in its untired form for chills and fevers in China in opposition to over two thousand years.

Several organizations on every side the world are actively pursuing alternate solutions for treating and preventing malaria. An inexpensive cure for malaria has been developed using ~y out-of-the-box approach based forward the following rationale:

• Synthesized anti-malarials used for the time of the past 100 years or in this way were all first identified and detached from plant sources.

• Over the bygone time few years, synthesized versions used only have all become ineffective.

• Whereas, Cinchona yelp taken directly from the plant was used conducive to centuries round the world for management of malaria.

• Tea made from foliage of the Artemisia plant has been used in China for centuries.

• Since bio-chemical compounds inside of a plant material do not live in isolation, it would be be present to answer that extracting just the single composite from the whole plant material would negate the supportive synergistic importance of the co-existing compounds.

• It follows that a reparative based on whole of the settle material which contains the anti-malarial would exist appropriate.

• This anti-malarial plant bodily should be purified and concentrated to admit easy and optimal administration of the restoration to a patient.

• This effect could have existence largely improved by

Using newly developed agricultural and harvesting techniques to become greater the crop output and Artemisinin easy in mind in the plant to1.7-2.2 %. Note: Artemisinin make easy in the wild or cultivated Artemisia plants in China and Vietnam is surrounding 0.6-0.8%. Besides the menstrum extraction techniques widely used decrease the suitable artemisinin to 0.4 to 0.6%

Using recent, clean and environmentally sensitive extraction techniques because of concentrating total extract.

Techniques for extended-term Preservation of the extract in not so fast gel capsules, which are easily ingested, ~ the agency of children and adult alike, as well can be widely distributed due to slack shelf life and basic storage requirements

Using techniques because increasing the resident time of the anti-malarial in a human visible form.

A cure based on the above criteria has been developed and is popularly awaiting clinical trials.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?dexterous=Virender_Kumar_Bhogal

Cold Sore Cure Series: Combining DMSO and a Diet Plan to Fight Oral Herpes

We altogether know the old saying, you are that which you eat, but just because you take pleasure in what you eat now and again does not medium you deserve to have oral herpes adhering your mouth.

But there is a union between the common cold sore and your diet. There's also something to be said about controlling the significance you go through, but truth have existence told, stress levels can also have existence maintained through a proper diet, in the same manner now you have even more understanding to eat better.

When most persons start to come down with devoid of warmth sore outbreaks, their first instinct (and rightfully for a like rea~n) is to head straight to the pharmacy and drag weight up on medication to combat the outbreaks. Some of these upward of-the-counter medications are quite adequate when it comes to helping you toil past an outbreak.
One in specific happens to be DMSO - but slip on't go rushing out to buy this and expect some kind of the black art miracle. In fact there have been more cases of people reporting that their cold sores have grown resistant.

How DMSO works is that it carries properties that bring into existence more oxygen. Since oxygen is toxic to the herpes simplex virus, which is anaerobic, it penetrates the etymon of the problem more deeply than some other solutions.

Once applied, the volume of the DMSO quickly kill the herpes cells and as long as this sounds good, this is moreover one of the reasons that more people stated that their strain of the herpes simplex poison has grown resistant - it is toughening up to contest the threat DMSO presents.

Earlier I mentioned that diet is concern of the solution and if you were to incorporate some lifestyle changes with the application of DMSO, you might just accept a winning solution to your cold sores.

One of the main goals you should be favored with when changing your diet is to divide out as much acidity from your body as possible. This means that you require to part ways with a destiny of junk food (especially the fried stuff).

It also means that you'll be under the necessity to do without some food that is sound, but higher in acidity than other foods: concerning instance spaghetti sauce. It'll with appearance of truth require a couple of books conducive to you to list all the foods you emergency to part ways with.

In issue, you could even consider your devoid of warmth sores the trigger you needed to be appropriate to healthier because the dietary changes you take to implement to cut off the herpes simplex venom are the exact ones you exigency to lead a balanced and hearty lifestyle.

The rate at which you vary also depends on how quickly you shortness to reduce the amount of outbreaks you experience. Most people can't break their corrosive habits overnight, but changing by single in kind meal a day will lead to enormous changes at the end of a month.

So estranged as I've seen the primeval dietary change should take place in the morning by lightening up your breakfast.

Norm Baldwin used to feel pain frequent cold sore outbreaks, but they are at that time a figment of the past by reason of him and he happily reveals how he did it in his familiar course, Cold Sore Control

If you fair started getting cold sores, find exhausted how to stay positive and not confine yourself inside the house.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?quick=Norm_Baldwin